TOPIC
SENTENCE (MAIN IDEA)
1.
Definition
Topic
sentence, kalimat dalam suatu paragraf dapat dibagi menjadi topik dan kalimat
penjelas. Topic sentence adalah masalah utama yang dibahas dalam suatu
paragraf. Topic sentence sering disebut juga ide pokok, pokok pikiran, gagasan
utama, gagasan pokok, dan pikiran utama.
Topic is a matter
dealt with in text, discourse, or coversation.
2. Characteristic
of Topic Sentences :
a.
The
characteristic of topic sentence :
-
The
main sentence can stand alone and have a clear meaning, no conjunction is
needed.
-
The
main sentence is a general statement and can be developed.
-
The
main sentence is ussualy at the beginning of the paragraph (deductive) or at
the end of the paragraph (inductive).
-
The
main sentence contains a problem that can be developed in detail.
b.
The
characteristic of explanatory sentence :
-
Describe
or explain the topic.
-
Is
a support of the main ideas or main sentences.
3. Location of Topic Sentences :
a.
Topic
sentences can be placed at the beginning of the paragraph (Deductive).
Example :
There are
several causes of congestion in Jakarta. First, the large number of fleets
is not balanced by the width of the road. Second, discipline of vehicle drivers
is minimal. Third, there are many places that cause traffic disruptions, such
as markets, railroads, street vendors, stops that are not functioning, floods,
and so on. Fourth, the lack of clarity is the officer who is authorized to
regulate traffic and take action against traffic violators.
b.
Topic
sentences can be placed at the end of the paragraph (Inductive).
Example :
Many street
vendors are somehow initially, like grouping themselves just by selling certain
types of goods on a particular sidewalk. Next, look for the sidewalk as a
special storefront. In fact, there are many famous sidewalk items in Jakarta
that cannot be found in official shops. From this atmosphere there were many
sidewalks that eventually became famous for their distinctive appearance.
c.
Topic
sentences can be placed at the beginning and at the end of the paragraph
(Deductive-Inductive).
Example :
All living
things need food and drink to survive. Every type of animal survives by
hunting food available in nature. Similarly, plants and humans need food and
drink for their growth. So, animals, plants, and humans need food and drink
to survive.
SUPPORTING
SENTENCE
1.
Definition
Supporting
sentence is a sentences that support or develop ideas expressed by a sentence
topic of a paragraph.
2. Characteristics :
a. Often a
sentence that cannot stand alone.
b. The meaning
of the sentence is clear after being connected with another sentence in
one
paragraph.
c.
The
contents are in the form of details, information.
Type
supporting sentences :
a.
Major
The one develops
the controlling idea of the paragraph by telling the reader something new or
different about that idea. It directly supports the controlling idea by making
that idea more easily understood.
b.
Minor
One that
develops its major support sentence by telling the reader something new or different
abou that sentence and at the same time it helps its major support sentence
develop the controlling idea.
3. How to Determine Supporting Sentence
in paragraphs
a.
Read
all paragraph.
b.
Determine
the topic of sentence from the paragraph being read, the main idea the writer
wants to tell, which is usually in the initial sentence.
c.
The
position of the supporting sentence is usually always placed after the topic
sentence. Because it serves as an explanation of the main idea that wants to be
topic sentence.
Example :
Oatmeal
has become a healthy food option for many people. This is because oatmeal
has many positive benefits for our health. Some studies show by eating oatmeal
regularly, it will help to reduce the risk of heart disease, high blood sugar
level and can help us to lose weight.
