AN ANALYSIS OF PEMBAYUNS SPEECH
ACTS IN SORONG SERAH CEREMONY OF SASAK MARRIAGE:A RITUALISTIC DISCOURSE STUDY
a.
Title :
AN ANALYSIS OF PEMBAYUNS SPEECH ACTS IN
SORONG OF SORONG SERAH CEREMONY OF SASAK MARRIAGE : A RITUALISTIC DISCOURSE STUDY
b. Name : YAQIN,
LN1, SEKEN, K2, SUARNAJAYA, W3
c. University : English
Laguage Education Study Program, Postgraduate Program Ganesha University of Education
Singaraja, Indonesia
d. Email :{layaqin@gmail.com.ketut.seken@seken@pasca.undiksha.ac.id wawan.
wayan.suarnajaya@pasca.undiksha.ac.id}
Abstract
a. Concept : This study investigated the Pembayuns speech acts in
Sorong Serah ceremony of the Sasak marriage.
b.
Subject : Pembayuns Speech Acts In Sorong of Sorong Serah
Ceremony Of Sasak Marriage
c.
Method : Designed as a descriptive qualitative research of
the ethnography of communication type
and employed observations and interviews as methods of data collection.
d.
Theory : Wijana’s (1996), Austin’s (1975) and Searle’s(1969)
models of speech act theory and was done
following Miles and Huberman’s (1994) interactive model of data analysis.
e.
The Findings : The findings of the study showed that the Pembayuns
in Sorong Serah ceremony conveyed speech
acts of certain types that can be categorized as direct speech acts, indirect
speech acts, direct nonliteral speech acts, indirect literal speech acts, and
indirect nonliteral speech acts.
f. Words :
248 words
g. Keywords :
Speech Acts, Strategy, Sorong Serah, Sasak
Marriage.
Introduction
a. Reason for the Study
Language is one of the most crucial human
cultural symbols. Discussing language and culture is often symbolized as two
sides of one coin as the two notions cannot be separated (Mahyuni, 2007). This
is most basic argument that has to do with the nature of language in social
practices. An effort to separate language from its cultural context is to neglect
social conditions that give resonance and meaning in
communication.
b. Research purpose
This study was
focused on the types, forces, and speech act functions of the utterances used
by the Pembayuns as speech
participants in Sorong Serah ceremony.
Research Methods : This study was a
descriptive qalitative research with a natural setting as the direct source of
data with the researcher taking a role of being the key instrument (cf. Bodgan
and Biklen, 1982).
a.
Subject : Pembayuns Speech Acts In Sorong of Sorong Serah
Ceremony Of Sasak Marriage
b.
Methods : Observations and
interview.
c.
Tools : Video recorded and
note-taking techniques.
Findings and Discussion
This section gives an overall picture of the results
of this study, which corresponds with the research questions postulated. The
research questions to be answered are concerned with speech act types,
utterance force, and the speech act functions found in the Pembayuns’ utterances that occur in
the speech event within the ritual of Sorong
Serah ceremony. The following description present the results of data
analysis that answer each research question, covering the types of speech acts,
the force of utterance, and the functions of speech acts used by Pembayuns in the Sorong Serah ceremony.
a.
Findings Concerning the Types of Speech Acts in the
Soronf Serah Ceremony
The speech act
types that were used by the speech participants (Pembayun Pisolo,
Pembayun Penyerah and Pembayun Penampi) in the Sorong Serah ceremony, cover: (1)
direct speech acts, (2) indirect speech acts, (3) literal speech acts, (4)
nonliteral speech acts, (5) direct literal speech acts, (6) direct nonliteral speech
acts, (7) indirect literal speech acts, and (8) indirect nonliteral speech acts
(Wijana, 1996).
b.
Findings Concerning the Force of the Utterances in
the Sorong Serah Ceremony
The results of the data analysis concerning
the force of the utterances used by the speech participants in the Sorong Serah ceremony can be stated
as follows. In general, all utterances used by speech participants contained
locutionary acts. The act that implied was based on the lexical meaning and the
syntactical rules by unquestioning the intention or function of utterances. However,
the utterance used by speech participants also contained illocutionary acts and
perlocutionary acts. Based on the results of data analysis, the illocutionary
acts utterances used by speech participants in the Sorong Serah ceremony could be seen from the intention, message,
behind the lexical meaning of words.
c.
Findings Concerning the Function of the Speech Acts
in the Sorong Serah Ceremony
The results of the data analysis showed
that the speech participants in Sorong
Serah used certain types of
illocutionary act functions that can be categorized into directive, commissive,
expressive, representative, and declaration functions. Directive function of
speech acts were used by the speech participants in expressing requests. The
directive function to express the intention of a command
was not found in the utterances that
were used by the speech participants.
Commissive function of speech acts used by the speech participants in
the Sorong Serah ceremony could be seen from the
utterances that were oriented to future action.
The results of data analysis concerning the expressive function of speech acts used
by the speech participants in Sorong
Serah ceremony showed that there were certain forms speech acts that can
be categorized into an expression of sympathy, happiness, and apologizing.
However, the expressive speech act utterances used by speech participants in
this study were not absolute, because the utterance could be revealed, as the
expressions of sympathy as well as the expression of apologize. According to
Searle’s (1969), the representative speech acts function is concerned with
expressing the intention of message through the speakers’ utterances. The
declaration functions of speech act in the study were mainly concerned with the
utterances produced by speech participants that were in accordance with proposition
and reality. It means that, the utterances used by the speech participants to
express the relevancy between the statement and the action happening. Thus, the
declaration functions of speech acts were used in the speech events of Sorong Serah ceremony.
Conclusion
and Suggestion
Based on the results of the data analysis of speech acts in the Sorong Serah ceremony of
Sasak marriage. It can be concluded that, the types, forces,
and the speech act functions
were used by the speech
participants in the Sorong Serah ceremony as an option toward
strategies that could be used to express intention in certain situation and
socio-cultural contexts that underlie the speech event. In relation to the
forms of speech of acts, the indirect speech act was most dominantly used by
speech participants in Sorong Serah ceremony which can be seen as
politeness strategy in communication.
Based on the conclusion described above, the
following suggestions are offered: the types of speech acts in the Sorong Serah ceremony, which can be selected
as a communication strategy in the situational and socio-cultural context.
Politeness principles in communication should be introduced to young Sasak community in order to be
understood, appreciated and applied to maintain the values and cultural norms
of the Sorong Serah ceremony that upholds the
politeness principles.
